Polymerization - Getting to Know the Different Steps Involved

Polymerization - Getting to Know the Different Steps InvolvedThe PKN, PES, PS, and PSL (Polymerization Substitution Properties) algorithms are among the most widely used classification methods in organic polymer sciences. The algorithms use the statistical properties of the polymer materials to predict their structure, properties, and reactions. One of the best examples of such algorithms is PDMS. Although the PDMS algorithm is more complex than some of the other algorithms, it still is widely used in the study of polymers.Polymers are an important element in several technological products. Polymers are composed of single or multiple repeating units that can be bonded together to form different materials. The basic building blocks for polymer chains are the monomers. Monomers are the molecules that make up the polymer chain. The molecular weight of the monomer is dependent on its spacing between the carbon atoms.The bonding of monomers is referred to as covalent bonds, because the mo lecules are capable of forming a solid or liquid bond with one another. There are two basic types of covalent bonds, which are ionic and non-ionic bonds. Ionic bonds occur between two hydroxyl ions in a solution, while non-ionic bonds occur between two hydroxyl groups. The type of bond determines how easily the two molecules move. Ionic bonds allow the molecules to slide freely, whereas non-ionic bonds force the molecules to stick to one another.The molecular weight of the polymer depends on the number of bonds that are present between each component and the solvent moiety. Because of this, the weight of a polymer depends upon the number of molecular weight units, or N units, present in the material. Some polymers are referred to as heavy polymer molecules. These are usually polymer compounds that are very soluble in solvents and are usually reactive. These compounds tend to form bonds with metals, make films, and harden.In polymers with higher molecular weights, there are many type s of bonds available. While an amine or aromatic group of molecules bind together to form chains of many identical molecules, in the polymerization step, all of these bonds are replaced by identical aromatic molecules. Then, in the polymerization step, the identical aromatic molecules become bonded to monomers. This creates a new material that has the same molecular weight as one of the original components.The process of polymerization is known as polynomylation. Polymerization occurs when two monomers are linked together and then bound by the solvent moiety. The actual transformations of the chains that occur during the polymerization process are not fully understood.There are many steps that a polymer chemist must understand to properly complete the polymerization process. The physical and chemical properties of the compounds are analyzed before the polymerization begins. The properties include the molecular weight of the polymer, the specific gravity, the total amount of atomic w eight, the molecular symmetry, and the mechanical and chemical properties of the polymer.A more in-depth understanding of the entire polymerization process is required to correctly evaluate the finished product. The success of the finished product depends upon the polymerizer's ability to predict the structural and physical properties of the final product. In addition, the properties are also depend on the data provided in the application.

ESL Learning the Emotional Meanings of Synonyms

ESL Learning the Emotional Meanings of Synonyms Tips from an Irvine ESL Tutor:  Learning the Emotional Meanings of Synonyms Students who are learning English as their second language will need to start expanding their vocabulary at some point. The intermediate and advanced student will often rely on a thesaurus or translator to pick out the appropriate adjective to describe a situation. One thing teachers can work on with students is learning how to determine which synonym can be used as a directly similar word and which synonym is merely in the same category of description. In English, as in many languages, different words carry different emotional meanings even if they have the same root meaning. Take, for example, the word thoughtful. If I describe my friend as being a thoughtful person, I am paying her a compliment. But what if I describe her as attentive or cautious? These words are both synonyms of the term thoughtful, but they have different emotional meanings. 1. Positive, negative, or neutral? One of the first things teachers can work on with their students is determining whether they want to use a word that is positive, negative, or neutral. Its easy to think that all synonyms of a positive word will be positive themselves, but this is not always the case. For example, take the word rambunctious. If I describe a child as rambunctious, I’m saying that they make a lot of noise and have a lot of energy but its not necessarily an insult. However, take the synonym word rude and I’m insulting the person. On the other hand, simply using the term noisy can suggest a very neutral feeling. Students should be looking at a word that fits the mood theyre trying to express. In many cases, the best way to learn this is through practice with native speakers and watching TV shows with English-speaking characters. Its important for students to be able to see a visual reaction when it comes to the emotional choice of a vocabulary term (READ: 5 Ways ESL Students Can Improve Their Everyda y English). 2. The context of the sentence Students should also look at the context of the word in a sentence. Look at the basic but important vocab term love. It can be confusing for students to hear how many different ways this word is used. For instance, stating that I love spaghetti is very different from saying I love my spouse. It might be easier for students to look at words that fit precisely within the situation. Someone has affection for their spouse but probably not for a plate of pasta. Teachers can have a lot of fun with these types of activities but should be aware that students might be embarrassed to have chosen the wrong synonym. Its a good idea to look at the many different ways one word can be used to describe so many different degrees of emotion. 3. Emotionally appropriate language for the situation In the English language, we have different terms to connotate the degree to which we feel a particular emotion. Lets look at the word anger. I might express that I’m annoyed or exasperated that I had to sit in traffic, but I dont feel a passionate rage. The words annoyed and exasperated express a mild to moderate sense of anger whereas rage expresses a very strong sense of anger. Knowing which synonym to use and in which situation can make it easier for students to communicate but also easier for them to understand the people around them and interpret situations without extensive clarification (READ: ESL Study Tips for Taking The SAT). 4. Common usage vs. formal language Most English speakers in the United States use colloquialisms and common language on a daily basis. Normal language is reserved for the workplace, school, and the written word. Many students learning English will pick up formal vocab terms in their reading and use them in a casual situation where it seems out of place. Learning the difference between casual and formal can make their conversation easier and more productive. Lets take the term relax and look at it in two different situations. If a student looks up synonyms to this word they’ll come across two formal terms: repose and tranquilized. Yes, both of these words are synonyms for the word relax but will not be used in a discussion to talk about leisure activities. However, the terms take it easy and chill out connotate a casual situation where people are going to relax and enjoy their day. Accurate conversational skills help ESL students feel comfortable and confident in social situations with native speakers. Improve your English over the summer with the help of a private Irvine ESL tutor. Call us today for more information. All blog entries, with the exception of guest bloggers, are written by Tutor Nerds. Are you an education professional? If so, email us at pr@tutornerds.com for guest blogging and collaborations. We want to make this the best free education resource in SoCal, so feel free to suggest what you would like to see us write.

An Organic Chemistry Tutor Slope Intersept

An Organic Chemistry Tutor Slope InterseptAn organic chemistry tutor slope intersept is a wonderful method for helping students gain knowledge and understanding of the elements and their properties, elements, and atoms. These instructors guide students as they journey through classes and labs, while advising and assisting in any way necessary.An instructor's training and experience are crucial in understanding and present a difficult topic. If an instructor is familiar with the subject matter, he or she can provide advice and assistance in ensuring that the student's course performance remains consistent, particularly if they are struggling. On the other hand, if an instructor is inexperienced, they will be able to focus on the important aspects of the subject and help ease the student's burden.Most organic chemistry tutor slope intersepts are carefully designed to serve the needs of their students. Their structure and focus are designed to ensure that the instructor can provide stud ents with a structure of learning, the structure of study, the structure of laboratory work, and structure of lab experiments. By providing these structures, students can then use them to plan their own study and examination schedules, so that each day is one that they enjoy and spend time with their friends.The organic chemistry tutor slope intercept structure helps students organize their own schedule by making it easy to plan their study time. The structure allows them to choose between group or individual work, allowing them to make sure that they don't take more time than they need, but also making sure that they get all of their work done in the allotted time.While the organic chemistry slope intercept structure provides a structure of study, it also provides structure of laboratory work. This structure allows students to keep track of the progress of their lessons and projects. The organic chemistry instructor can also assist students with research projects, lecture notes, qu izzes, and other useful materials as well. For any student who is unable to find a mentor to guide them through their studies, an organic chemistry slope intersept can help them feel confident that the instructor will have their best interests at heart. They will be able to stay focused and motivated, knowing that their instructor will make sure that they are getting all of the materials and instruction that they need. Having a structured structure will ensure that all of the material, students, lectures, and lab work is taken seriously and is viewed as an integral part of the coursework and curriculum.A structured organic chemistry tutor slope intercept structure can assist students as they tackle the hardest classes, classes, and labs. By making sure that the structure is in place, students can find time to enjoy themselves and spend quality time with their friends, as well. When students are able to find the structure, the results will be a successful graduate who has learned a g reat deal, as well as a diploma with meaningful educational value.

The Importance of Choosing the Right Organic Chemistry Tutor

The Importance of Choosing the Right Organic Chemistry TutorIf you have an interest in taking a math or science course that requires chemical and physical properties, then you will be pleased to know that you can take an online Organic Chemistry Tutor Course. Taking this course online allows you to use the knowledge of chemistry that you already have, as well as the knowledge of technology you may already have at home, to help you learn. You'll also be able to read a full time online course in your own time, which is certainly a blessing when it comes to learning the fundamentals of the subject.There are various classes that you can take that would include Chemistry, Earth Science, Biochemistry, Physics, Chemistry I, and other subjects. If you are interested in taking a combination of these courses, that would be ideal, as there are many different options for it to be taken. For example, you could take a course in Biology, Chemistry and Physics together, as well as Environmental Scie nces. All of these classes are designed to help you in your study, helping you to increase your understanding of the various processes and laws of nature.There are many options for classes that you could take, from Biology, Chemistry and Physics to Environmental Sciences, Nutrition, Biogeography, Oceanography, Geology, Astronomy, Marine Biology, and other subjects. There are plenty of classes available for you to choose from, so don't worry if you don't have the time to commit to the full course.Whether you are interested in learning about the physical properties of certain substances, or if you want to take classes that teach you the basic concepts and principles of chemistry, you can find classes that teach you all you need to know. There are many options that you can choose from, and it is important that you understand that when you are looking to take a chemistry course online, that you'll need to choose the best one for you. Make sure that you find a class that has some flexibi lity in terms of the subjects you choose to study, and youwill be able to concentrate on the material and learn the concepts quickly.Choosing a class is also important because you will need to know how long each class will take to complete. You can't simply pick the shortest class for the month and hope to complete it in one day, so be sure to take some time and look at what options are available to you, as well as how long each class will take to complete.It is also important to know what courses are available in order to choose the best classes available to you, but be sure to research what is available, and what specific classes they teach. A good chemistry teacher will be able to help you find the right courses for you to take, so make sure that you consult with a good teacher in this area.The best way to find a good chemistry tutor is to find a good chemistry teacher yourself, and find out what the process is. Remember, that if you cannot find the right chemistry tutor for you, that the alternative is to take a new course in biology or physics and then go to the next course of study after that.

How to get Fit With Body Workouts

How to get Fit With Body Workouts Our Personal Trainers Talk about Exercise Classes How to Get fit at Home ChaptersBuild Your Upper Body With a Certified Fitness TrainerFitness Education for Your ArmsResistance Training for your LegsInclude Nutrition in Your Program DesignThe fitness industry is booming in the UK! All around the country, more Britons are lacing up their trainers and hitting the gym.Are you one of them?Have you in fact been considering a personal fitness program, going so far as to see how your schedule could be rearranged to accommodate a Pilates class, three times per week?Are you hunting around for more specific, more intensive workouts? Perhaps hoping to train to competition level?With Superprof's online fitness trainers, you will rediscover your dream figure: a sculpted upper body, toned legs and arms to put a professional furniture mover to shame. it wouldn't do for you to appear, ready to work out and your trainer not be available.Any training program targeted to your upper body will inevitably lead you to overall fitness and wellness.How to Get Fit at HomeWhat if t here is no way for you to commit to regular training sessions: your schedule is just too crowded.In that case, you have two options:1. You forgo the chance to work with a fitness professional and wing your personal training program.Somehow, you gain the knowledge of proper training procedure: warm ups, aerobics, stretch, build muscles, cool down and, through all of that, adopt good nutrition.All while avoiding counter-productive work and preventing injury.2. Instead of spending all that time on the Internet, trying to find the optimal workout â€" among all of the contradicting articles, you make slight adjustments to your schedule and find a personal trainer to work with you at home.Nationally, in-home personal trainers are required to have achieved at least Level 3 certification, as well as First Aid Certification.A personal trainer in the gym should have earned at least Level 2 certification.If you opt for working out at home, you should clear a space dedicated to your fitness goa ls; one that affords you the room to move around as needed.You may also want to invest in a bit of equipment: at least a quality mat, and perhaps some dumbbells.If a specific aspect of athletics â€" say, crossfit training is your passion, you might consider dedicating an entire room to getting in shape for it.You might consider buying a workout bench with weights, resistance bands, a pull-up bar â€" these are at the inexpensive end of the fitness equipment spectrum.If you're going all out, you could equip yourself with an elliptical trainer, a stationary bike and a rowing machine.Target areas to build upper body strength are:Arms. You will build and define biceps and triceps through work with resistance bands, pull-up bars, free weights and isometrics.Abdominals: sit-ups, crunches, planking, leg lifts â€" all of which work the four abdominal muscles.Pectorals: thanks to bench presses and other weight-based moves, your chest will soon have the definition you crave.Don't forget your b ack: if you spend any time on a rower, or even if you swim as a part of your fitness program, your back muscles can't help but get toned.Swimming is, incidentally, a great way to cool down after a strenuous workout.In fact, athletes at intermediate level often forget to work their back muscles, unless they have a trainer to remind them.Should you be among that number, inadvertently overlooking your dorsals, Lean It Up, a premier fitness magazine, lists thirteen exercises to chisel out back muscles.Curling is the most well-known exercise for working biceps Source: Pixabay Credit:JarmolukFitness Education for Your ArmsWorking your arms in a gym, at home or even in your office is a relatively simple affair.Do you have any dumbbells? That is all you need for biceps curls, the most renown arm muscle exercise.For lack of a dumbbell, you could use resistance bands to work your arms.  Weights don't get it for you? Installing a pull-up bar in your bedroom doorway is a simple act, and then yo u can use your whole body to work your arms (and pectorals).You can find pull-up bars at the gym, too.We concede: pull-ups require advanced body conditioning. Furthermore, several muscle groups besides your arms are involved, like: your stomach and back muscles.If neither dumbbells, nor chin-ups suit your wallet or style, you could try a home-grown solution.Use filled water bottles as weights, or even food tins.Especially if you are just starting your training, these everyday products could fill the need for fitness while saving you money, until you decide that physical fitness training will be a permanent part of your active lifestyle.Another equipment-less move you could incorporate into your workout routine is the push-up.This classic move works your arms as well as your stomach, chest, and back.And those dangly arm muscles so many of us middle and golden agers try to hide: the triceps, oft overlooked and under-worked!A bench press is the best way to tone and condition that muscl e. But, unless you have a home gym set-up, you are not likely to meet a bench press unless you go to the gym or fitness center.If you are a member of a senior fitness group, you are already most likely doing exercises to tone and strengthen your arm muscles.There are in fact several ways to work out without spending a pound on exercise equipment. Consulting with a Superprof fitness instructor could open up a world of exercise science and methods.Resistance Training for your LegsGenerally, exercising your legs can lead to two, equally rewarding results:1. Reduction of cellulite, loss of fat and overall toning and shaping.2. Increased flexibility and muscle mass.If the first result is what you are looking for, squats and lunges are the moves for you to focus on.If you are ready to take your leg workout to the next level, address yourself to the machines designed for that purpose: the leg press and leg curl machines. Using free weights: the dead lift would be good, as well as...Why not talk with a Superprof certified  personal trainer london  about your optimal fitness plan to develop leg muscles?Aqua jogging and aqua biking have seen a rise in popularity because of their low-impact properties.You can run and ride in water, working the same muscle groups and getting the same cardiorespiratory effects, but with no danger of musculoskeletal injury.If you are one of the estimated 2.3 million Briton battling obesity, aqua jogging may be the perfect way for you to get your cardio workout in a most refreshing manner.Besides working your body, aqua biking and jogging burn a substantial amount of calories. So, if your goal is to lose weight, water fitness programs â€" after consulting with a health and fitness professional and a dietitian, may be just the ticket.However, if the great outdoors calls to you, traditional biking is always an option.Remember that giddy feeling you had as a child, when having a bike made you neighbourhood royalty?You can recapture that glee wh en riding solo, or with a small group. You could even join a club! And, if you are so motivated, you could compete, either in races or on a dirt track.If riding a bike seems daunting, if exercise programs for your legs don't quite get it for you; if you'd rather not don spandex and dance around to a pumping aerobic beat, you could always enjoy:walking, speed walking or joggingswimming or a water exercise classyoga â€" fundamental principles of stretching and breathinga rousing Zumba routine â€" dance your way to fitness!Any of these cardiovascular workouts will go a long way to help tone and shape your legs.Get a fitness classes near me here.Lunges are a classic way to work your thighs Source: Pixabay Credit: SilviaritaInclude Nutrition in Your Program DesignThe cardinal rule of personal fitness training: hydration.You will hear it from your personal fitness trainer, your gym instructor; from any fitness specialist whose knowledge you seek.What you drink is as important as how often : before, during and after your workout, you must drink at least water, if not an electrolyte solution.What you eat is important, too.To close this article, we could simply write: eat healthy, but that wouldn't tell you very much. And there is indeed much to say on the subject of nutrition for athletes!This is as specific as we'll get, for now:proteins will help build musclesglucides will help build endurancevitamins and minerals to support and enhance bodily systemsBeyond that, if you are serious about building a healthy lifestyle, please consult with a nutritionist for an individualized diet plan.Or, you could talk with your Superprof health fitness specialist, who is knowledgeable of your body composition. S/he would know the best foods for your body type and overall fitness goal. Search 'personal trainer near me' now.

Top 10 Podcasts for Learning Italian

Top 10 Podcasts for Learning Italian Sign up successful 1) Radio Lingua Coffee Break Italian This podcast  has a new episode every week. If you sign up for their email subscription program, you can receive free videos whenever they become available. The website is intuitive and professional, making your learning experience all the easier. Heres how the podcasts owners describe their service: Coffee Break Italian is indeed everything you need to learn Italian, whether you’re an absolute beginner or you’re returning to Italian to refresh your knowledge. You’ll be accompanied by experienced teachers and native speakers throughout your Coffee Break Italian experience, so you’ll make solid progress and build your range of expression and mastery of Italian grammar quickly. 2) Let’s Speak Italian Heres a  deal worth going for: 100 lessons for $15.  The lessons in this podcast are meant to be viewed over a 24 week program. Theres also free vocabulary you can add to your resources. If you like structure in your lessons  and tons of content, this could be the one for you! This is what theyre all about: Hi everybody, my names Mike and this is the Lets Speak Italian podcast. So youve listened to a few sample lessons, and hopefully youre learning how to speak Italian  Ive found that the key to learning to speak Italian is to learn a little bit every day, and to practice it with your friends. So get lessons 1-100, and listen to one lesson, every day for 24 weeks. By the end, youll be amazed at how easy it was, and just how much you can learn by practicing a few minutes every day. 3) ItalianLingQ 10 minute lessons  with full transcriptions for each doesnt that sound nice and digestible? ItalianLingQ teaches lessons for intermediate to advanced Italian speakers. Youll learn the language while also learning about sports, history, science, politics, holidays, and more. Check out what theyre all about: Our podcasts may contain interviews, articles, or audiobook excerpts but are most often just general conversations in Italian. We will usually talk about topics of general interest. Please do send us feedback and topic requests. We’re always happy to hear from you.  After you listen to the podcast, sign up for a free account at LingQ (l-i-n-g-q.com) and study the full transcript using LingQ’s revolutionary learning tools. 4) Pastacast Although discontinued in 2008, this podcast features lengthy lessons on all sorts of Italian basics. The lessons range from verbs, pronunciations, superlatives, and prepositions, all the way to sports terms, cooking terms, numbers, and spelling.  Even though new content wont be released anytime soon, we encourage you to use Pastacast as a basic learning resource. Pastacast.net was created by two American born Italian teachers. They saw that many students of Italian needed some more in depth help learning Italian in their mother tongue, English. 5)  LearnItalianPod This podcast is hosted by two Italian enthusiasts, Massimo and Jane. Their lessons deal with all of the technicalities of Italian, such as reflexive verbs and the future tense, but also the practicalities of Italian, like how to rent a car or speak on the phone. They incorporate their teachings with fun stories and situations. You may even forget youre learning Italian and think youre listening to an entertaining Italian conversation! Throughout this 50-lesson Beginner Level series you will learn how to greet people, introduce and talk about yourself, ask questions, dealing with restaurants and hotels, how to ask the time, formal and informal modes, present tense verbs, articles, pronouns, adverbs, and adjectives. You will hear Italian spoken in a variety of real-life situations. 6)  MeetItalia This podcast has three learning different categories in its monthly subscription: Travel Phrases, Experience, and History. MeetItalias goal is to teach you Italian in a way thats practical for your communication skills. Far too often do beginners fall prey to learning vocabulary and phrases without incorporating them in conversations. Check out this description of their Travel Phrases category: In this series you will learn basic Italian phrases useful for your travels in Italy. We will not analyze grammar, but focus on what is essential for communicating in Italy. Each lesson will open with one or more short Italian dialogs. You will then learn when and how to use them. After the lesson use the Practice track to actively practice what you have just learnt, review everything in a handy PDF and then take a Quiz! 7) Maxmondo Incontro  Italian Incontro Italiano is an audio magazine that helps you learn Italian and get to know Italy. Its  mainly  for intermediate to advanced speakers. Every issue consists of an audio program (30+ min.) accompanied by a magazine. The magazine is available from the website for subscribers (in  pdf format) and contains not just  transcriptions of the  audio, but also vocabulary, additional explanations, grammar notes, and exercises about the articles. Incontro Italiano is published every two weeks and all content is in Italian only (i.e. full immersion) and produced by a team in Italy. Heres what they say about themselves: With every issue we offer you information about Italian culture in an audioshow that is accompanied by a magazine. You will learn about different places, art, food, customs and the people of Italy. All content is in Italian and especially prepared for learners of Italian by the Incontro Italiano team based in Italy. Incontro Italiano is for intermediate to advanced Italian language students all over the world. On this page we try to answer some common questions: 8) Radio Arlecchino The last update for this podcast was in 2009, but dont let that discourage you from tuning in! Radio Arlecchino features  unique characters and gripping stories to deliver Italian lessons. The  lessons are deep and rich with content, but theyre  presented in a playful way. Heres what they have to say about themselves: Thanks for tuning in to Radio Arlecchino, Italian grammar made easy! Arlecchino, Pulcinella and other masks of the Italian Commedia dellarte will help you learn the subtleties of Italian grammar, one zany episode at a time. Podcasts are built around dialogs that explain the Italian grammar behind communicative language functions â€" functions like describing and comparing, recommending and expressing opinions, recounting the past, expressing likes and dislikes, hypothesizing, and talking about the future. 9) News in Slow Italian Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced lessons are all given in the form of  weekly Italian news. You can choose from hundreds of Italian lessons  and each one comes with a full transcription of the audio. If youre not a quick learner and require more time for absorbing information, this podcast may be perfect for you! This is what they say: In our course we emphasize all aspects of language learning from listening comprehension, rapid vocabulary expansion, exposure to Italian grammar and common idiomatic expressions, to pronunciation practice and interactive grammar exercises. In our program we discuss the Weekly News, Italian grammar, and Italian expressions, and much more at a slow pace so that you can understand almost every word and sentence. 10) Eye on Italy This podcast features not just Italian lessons, but also a look at Italy as a whole. Special guests join the podcast every week and share their Italian expertise  and experience. Youll learn about everything Italian, including subjects like wines,  Roman archaeology, and the Italian mafia. Heres what theyre all about: Eye on Italy is an Italy podcast for Italophiles and often focuses on news, culture and travel in English. Each episode includes expert interviews and guests, and sometimes Picks of the Week for new Italy applications, websites, and tips in every episode, plus a different Italian word featured in our Angolo d’Italiano (Italian corner). Conclusion I recommend taking the time to listen to each and every one of these podcasts; you can learn something different from each one! Take notes as you listen and youll be well on your way for learning Italian. If you plan on studying abroad in Italy, these podcasts will give you a wonderful head start. While podcasts are great for studying Italian, I also encourage you to take private Italian lessons online with a teacher on TakeLessons. Do any of these podcasts look good to you? Are there any we missed? Comment below with your thoughts! Post Author:  Liz T. Liz T. teaches Italian, singing, acting, and music lessons in Brooklyn, NY, as well as online.  She is a graduate of the Berklee College of Music with a B.M in Vocal performance and currently performs/teaches all styles of music including Musical Theater, Classical, Jazz, Rock, Pop, RB, and Country. Learn more about Liz here! Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher

Best Law Schools in the UK

Best Law Schools in the UK Where is the Best Law Education to be Had in the UK? ChaptersThe University of GlasgowThe London School of EconomicsUniversity of AberdeenUniversity of EdinburghWhat about Wales?Our country boasts two of the oldest, most venerable institutes of higher learning in the world: Oxford, founded in 1167, and Cambridge, in 1209.During that era, schools meeting a certain global benchmark were known as stadia generale, the official name for university during medieval times.Criteria to earn that designation included teaching the Arts and at least one of the higher faculties â€" Theology, Medicine or Law. One of the most important specifications to meet in order to be thus listed was that the courses must be taught by masters in their fields.Back then as today, one couldn’t simply throw up a shingle and declare one’s house to be a formal institute, obviously!To attract, retain and recognise these coveted experts, those schools had to have some sort of legitimacy: a royal charter or, because religion led society at that time, a decree from the Pope.The first papal bull for legal education was issued in 1233, to a French university.Older and more established universities, our Oxford included, disdained that recognition.Oxford, as you most likely know, received its royal charter in 1248, even though it had been welcoming students from other parts of the world for nearly 200 years by that time.Receiving and teaching foreign students was a cornerstone of the stadium generale principle; one that our two renown institutes practice still today.However, those are not the only schools with a law curriculum in our country. Let’s now go in search of our country’s best law schools â€" besides the two with such a long tradition of teaching excellence.Important note: while QS World University Rankings is generally the go-to report when analysing a school’s standing, for this article we draw on The Complete University Guide, a ranking site specific to the UK.Don't let Brexit rob you from a great college experience abroad, study l aw in Europe.However, we will make a comparison of rankings from both reports at the end of this article.é of Scots law.Besides teaching undergraduates in subjects such as Intellectual Property Law, Corporate Law and Financial Regulation, the University of Glasgow sponsors many extracurricular programmes, such as law clinics, where students can get hands-on experience doing pro bono work.Their Mooting Society deserves special mention.It is strictly student-run and hosts an internal moot as well as a national one: the Alexander Stone National Legal Debate. Any school with an LLB programme may compete.The University of Strathclyde currently holds the winner’s cup, in case you’re interested.A Scottish student at the undergraduate level and students from European Union law faculties may expect to pay £1820 annually.UK students would bear a higher premium, but it could be offset by financial aid.If you can afford it, you could consider to study law in one of the top American law sc hools.The London School of EconomicsIf ever there were a school for the international student to dream of, The LSE would be it!Located in the heart of London, the area historically known as Clare Market, that campus is home to 3,300 staff, about half of whom hail from elsewhere besides the UK.Their large student body is just as diverse, with more than 150 countries represented!Don’t let this facility’s name fool you; among the economics and other departments, you will indeed find their highly-esteemed Department of Law.In fact, you may pursue a joint degree in Anthropology and Law; two fields of study that have more to do with each other than one might think!The law component of this dual study course is fully qualifying; you may move on to your LPC course after graduation, as you would with any other law degree programme.This programme’s tuition is currently set at £9,250 per year for UK and qualifying EU students; any prospective student from elsewhere in the world would pa y substantially higher fees.Scholarships are available both for home students and those from overseas.That’s a good thing, seeing as it is not cheap, living in the heart of London!But you could find a good deal with Superprof's law tutors London!LSE, one of the country's top universities for law studies holds Law courses in the New Academic Building Source: Wikipedia Credit: MulloonIf you wish for a unique college experience, you could  study law in Asia.ancient universities in Scotland.By no means does that imply their teachings and standards are archaic â€" but some of that campus’ architecture is stunning!This school’s administration is constantly expanding the horizons of their students by offering new degree plans, promoting educational opportunities abroad and pouring tons of money into their research programmes.What we love about their Law programmes is their 5-year degree options.You may major in Law and minor in French law or, if your language skills are such that min oring in French is possible, there is a degree program for that, too.Naturally, fundamental courses apply here: you will study Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, Contract Law... and you will have a host of electives to choose from!All for a most reasonable £1,820 per year, with the possibility of financial aid as needed.One last rave about this university: forget how it is ranked in QS; Aberdeen has been voted Scottish University of the Year, 2019!What a prestigious accolade!With so many great schools and law programmes in the UK, we feel hard-pressed to extol the virtues of them all within one article, so we list these next few with select, outstanding attributes for each.University College London: diverse student body, high graduate employability, recipient of TEF Silver awardDurham University: a full week’s initiation for new students and extra support for international one; holder of the TEF Gold award.University of Dundee: permits qualifications in all 3 of the UK’s legal j urisdictionsKing’s College London: five campuses in the city; student-led think tank.Those are schools 6 through 9 according to The Complete University Guide. Now we round out the top ten before comparing rankings in the table at the end of this article.If you find yourself in need of a law tutor, Superprof tutors are never far away!Edinburgh's School of Law is located in the historic Old College Source: Wikipedia Credit: Kim TraynorIf you would like to mix beach time and study time, head down under and study law in Australia.University of EdinburghThe Edinburgh Law School has a programme for everyone studying law, from undergraduate and postgraduate LLBs to those working on their LLM degree, and even research and funding for those striving to earn their PhD!Admission to this law faculty is ultra flexible; you may have earned your undergraduate degree in law elsewhere and now wish to partake of their interdisciplinary degree programs: they’ll take you!And what higher education p rograms they have!Your postgraduate courses may cover Law and Humanities, Law and Social policy or Law and International relations.To be sure, earning your Juris Doctor or Master of Laws at Edinburgh requires effort, but it is hardly all work and no play.In addition to student support services, especially those for all incoming students, this school has numerous clubs and societies you may participate in. Of special note is their LawPals programme, a peer-assisted learning scheme.Our favourite extracurricular programme is the Law School Music Society!As all school fees in Scotland are set by the government, the tuition rates per year quoted earlier in this article also apply to these law courses.Housing and living expenses are separate from tuition fees. You may check their students’ page for those cost estimates.What about Wales?To be sure, there are many fine universities in that country: Swansea, Cardiff University, The University of South Wales...In fact, Cardiff School of Law and Politics is unique in that it offers complete law training in a series of bundled courses, so whether you are just starting you legal training or belong to the alumni group, you may return time and again for further education.You may even call this school an international university, for the diversity of its student body: they welcome more than 7,000 international students each academic year and offer bursaries to ease financial burden.They even have a needs-based scholarship programme!The trouble is that, as fine and welcoming as Welsh schools may be for higher education, they do not yet come in very high in the university rankings.Swansea was ranked #37 and Cardiff just behind it. South Wales ranked 89th.That only means they are relatively young facilities; they don’t have centuries of tradition to boost their standings, as the older, more venerated schools do. However, they do have quality law programmes and a whole lot more on offer!if you are intrested in studying abroad , check out our worldwide law study guide.We are glad to present these fine schools of law; now see where they stand in world rankings.NameUniversity Guide RankingUp/down from last year's rankingQS RankingCambridge1unchanged6Glasgow2up 3 places69Oxford3down 1 place5London School of Economics4down 1 place38Aberdeen5up 5 places172University College London6down 2 places10Durham University7down 1 place74Dundee8up 8 placesnot rankedKing's College London9unchanged31Edinburgh10down 3 places18No matter which university you choose, you can always find Superprof law tutors online!

Combinations And Permutations - Math Online Tutoring

Combinations And Permutations - Math Online Tutoring Combination Formula is a useful tool to find a way to choose several things out of a large group. In combination order of things does not matter. The formula for combination is n! = n (n 1) 2 (1) C (n, r) = n! / r! (n r)! In case of permutation it is a tool that helps to select objects in which order of objects matters. Formula for permutation is: nPk = n! / (n-k)! Example 1: How many ways can 3 students from a group of 9 are lined up for music? Solution: There are 9P3 possible permutations for 3 students from 9 = 9P3 = 9! / (9 3)! = 9! / 6! = (9 x 8) x 7 = 504 = Answer: There are 504 ways 3 students from a group of 9 may be lined up for music. Example 2: Computer the number of 6 car groups possible from a 30 collection of cars. Solution: There are 30 choose 6 possible combinations of 6 cars from total set of 30 in all. = Combination of 30 choose 6 is given as = 30! / 6! 24! = (30 x (29 x 28) x 27 x 26 x 25) / (6 x 5 x (4 x 3) x 2 x 1) = 593775 Answer: There are 593775 possible combinations of 6 cars possible from a set of 30 cars.

Best SAT Question And Answer Tips for high scores

Best SAT Question And Answer Tips for high scores 0SHARESShare SAT is a determiner of your skills in calculation, reading comprehension and writing abilities. Score a fine target in sat, your entry into a premier college is assured with a great educational breakthrough. How to read SAT Question and Answer them with maximum effect? Here are some tips for you: Easy questions in sat and how to answer them? The first order of questions always falls for easy questions and you could easily manage them within the time frame without teasing your brain. Most of your answers would be right too. Still, don’t be overwhelmed by the easy factor, but read the questions quickly yet carefully to hit a good score. Medium questions in sat and how to answer them? Medium level of difficulty in questions occupies the next 1/3 of the sections. You may not find them as easy as the previous one. Still attend them all to score once again as much as you can. Don’t leave them blank as the next 1/3 is going to be really excruciating for you. You might not find time to come back. Do something with them to do your level best. Write down or do calculations to understand the question better. Difficult questions in sat and how to answer them? The last 1/3 of the questions forms the difficult level. By the time, you feel exhausted and a bit confident that your previous answers are almost right and you could achieve your targeted score. Answer what you know in this level of difficulty. Don’t dwell upon any single question for a long time. Use process of elimination in answering the questions In sat questions, the wrong answers should be eliminated one by one to arrive at the right one. If you are not able to eliminate at least 2 or 3 wrong answers, leave the question blank. Wrong answers, you know carry ¼ point of negative marking. Only in Math multiple choice questions, you can attempt all the questions in SAT Mathematics. There, you would not face the negative scoring factor. Those who are not confident of their math skills can opt for SAT Biology test. Look for the probable answers in reading passages Look for the main idea in the reading passage and concentrate on the probable answers instead of searching for accurate answers. This will save time for you and get a boosted score. Sat prep is a matter of clever strategies and a determination for netting high scores. [starbox id=admin]